The Irish Celtic god Manannan mac Lir was a sea god and the ruler of the otherworld. His name may be derived from the name of the Isle of Man, with the ending “mac Lir” indicating that he is the son of the sea god Ler, whose position he seems to have usurped. Manannan seems... Continue Reading →
The Tuath De Danann: Supernatural Clan in Irish Mythology
While various supernatural beings appear in Irish mythology, the most commonly referenced and important are the Tuath De Danann or the “children of the goddess Danu.” They are often described as old pagan Irish gods, and while they seem god-like in many ways, in other ways they are not. The Tuath De Danann, while enjoying... Continue Reading →
Introduction to Finnish Mythology
While Finland was part of Sweden for a long time, it was never part of the Viking world. Rather than being populated by the Germanic Norsemen, Finland was populated by Finnic-Baltic people, a unique ethnic group with their own culture and religion. This is a brief overview of what we know of native Finnish paganism... Continue Reading →
Veles: Slavic God of Chaos and the Underworld
The truth is that we know very little about Slavic paganism because the ancient Slavs left no written records of their own religion. What we think we know is reconstructed from fragments of archaeology, comparison with other Indo-European religions, and Slavic folk stories and songs. So, while years of research and much ink has been... Continue Reading →
Cernunnos: Celtic Horned God of Wild Places
Cernunnos is one of the Celtic gods that was worshipped by the Gauls in France from at least the first century BC. He is a horned god, but just one of many worshipped across Europe. They are often all lumped together under the name Cernunnos. Cernunnos is also considered the proto deity for the Horned... Continue Reading →
Lares: Roman Guardian Deities of Place
The Romans believed that every location had guardian spirits, which they called Lares. A Lar is responsible for observing what happens in a place, protecting that place, and maintaining the positive energy of that location. Nothing good can happen there if the Lar or Lares of the location are not pleased. The Romans made daily... Continue Reading →
Hecate: Greek Goddess of Witchcraft
Hecate appears to be an old Thracian goddess that was adopted into the Greek pantheon as the goddess of many things, including crossroads, entrances and liminal spaces; the moon and the night; magic, witchcraft, and sorcery; plant and herblore and poison; and the underworld and necromancy. While Hecate, or Hekate, has become well-known today as... Continue Reading →
Perun – Slavic God of Thunder, War, Protection, Oaths & Sacred Spaces
Perun was the principal Slavic god in the pre-Christian period. He is the supreme god and the ruler of the mortal world and the heavens. Among the Slavic gods, he has dominion over thunder, lightning, and storms, making him a god of fertility and agriculture. Perun is a powerful protective deity and the god of... Continue Reading →
Ukko: Finnish Sky Father and God of Thunder
Ukko is the Finnish god of thunder. He carries an axe (and many other weapons) that was considered a symbol of protection among the Finns. It was similar to Thor's hammer, Mjolnir, which was a symbol of protection among the Norsemen. But while Ukko has many similarities with Thor, the Norse god of thunder, he... Continue Reading →